On 12 September 1934, in Geneva, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania sign the Treaty of Good Understanding and Co-operation — the basis of the Baltic Entente — in the spirit of the League of Nations Covenant.

The three governments undertake to confer on foreign-policy questions of common concern and to afford one another mutual political and diplomatic assistance. Periodical conferences of the foreign ministers are instituted, at least twice a year.

Article 3 recognises exceptions for specific problems (in practice, the Lithuanian–Polish dispute). The treaty was registered in the League of Nations Treaty Series (No. 3540, vol. 154).

The Entente never became a military alliance; the 1940 Soviet occupation ended the cooperation.

For interwar Baltic diplomacy, 12 September 1934 marks the Geneva signature.

The text is available in LNTS and diplomatic archives.

The Baltic Entente treaty of 12 September 1934 remains the milestone of trilateral foreign-policy coordination.

Image: Geneva / Baltic; Wikimedia Commons. Cropped to 16:9.

Source consulted: Baltic Entente. Treaty text: FOROST — Baltic Entente treaty 1934.