The Ottoman-Safavid war of 1532-1555 closed without a decisive battle. The Safavids, after Chaldiran, avoided the open field and scorched the earth. Suleiman the Magnificent wintered at Amasya. The envoy Farrukhzad Beg, ishik-agasi of Shah Tahmasp I, arrived with more than a hundred men and was received in the divan. The peace was concluded on 29 May 1555, at Amasya. For the Ottomans, the sultan in person. For Iran, Farrukhzad, with the shah's letter. It held some twenty years, until after Tahmasp's death.

The frontier cut the Caucasus and Armenia. Western Armenia and western Georgia, including western Samtskhe, fell to the Ottomans; eastern Armenia, eastern Georgia and eastern Samtskhe remained Safavid. The Ottomans took most of Iraq, with Baghdad, and an outlet to the Persian Gulf. The Safavids kept Tabriz, Azerbaijan, Dagestan. The line ran over the mountains between the Georgias, across Armenia and down the western slopes of the Zagros to the gulf.

Buffer zones at Erzurum, Shahrizor and Van. Kars was declared neutral; its fortress was razed. The Ottomans guaranteed Iranians passage to Mecca and Medina and to the Shia shrines in Ottoman Iraq — Karbala, Najaf. The Safavids undertook to stop tabarra, the ritual cursing of the first three caliphs, of Aisha and of other sahaba. The condition, common in Ottoman-Safavid treaties, was humiliating for Tahmasp.

Iranica notes that Iran recognised Ottoman sovereignty over its empire and promised neighbourly relations. TDV: the core is the sultan's letter to the envoy, with three points — tabarra, frontier beys not to attack without provocation, Iranian pilgrims to pass. De facto recognition of Basra, Baghdad, Shahrizor, Van, Bitlis, Erzurum, Kars and the atabeg lands.

This is not the 1639 Treaty of Zuhab, which made the partition of the Caucasus and Mesopotamia more lasting. The cover is the Titian-circle portrait of Suleiman; the Suleymanname miniature of the envoy's reception is too narrow.

Sources: Peace of Amasya; Amasya, Peace of.